En Cali, un grupo de invidentes busca visibilizar a la población con discapacidad física a través del origami. ¿Tiene un trozo de papel el poder para lograrlo?
Por Santiago Cruz Hoyos
Fotos Aymer álvarez
Reporteros de El País - CALI
John Jurado dice que le duele el ojo. Enseguida se señala el dedo índice de su mano izquierda. Es por los pliegues del papel, explica. Se debe doblar tantas veces para crear una figura perfecta que inevitablemente termina doliéndole. John Jurado dice que le duele el ojo, señala el índice y ríe. Es ciego. Origamista. Los dedos son su manera de mirar el mundo.
Está sentado en un comedor redondo. Sobre el comedor hay cisnes de papel, estrellas de papel, cajas de papel. Lleva puesta una camiseta roja con un nombre en letras negras: Oritacto. Es la misma camiseta que tienen los que están a su lado: Yamileth Guzmán, sicóloga, invidente; Magaly Erazo, estudiante, invidente; Primitivo Millán Calero, diseñador gráfico, invidente; Ángela María Arciniegas, artista plástica, profesora de origami; Melanie Emilse Calvache, pintora.
Melanie pinta con tierra. Lleva 18 años investigando los colores de la tierra. Sus cuadros, dice, pueden ser leídos por los ciegos a través del tacto. El sitio donde están reunidos es precisamente su taller. John Jurado comenta que en realidad es una fonda. Una de artistas. Se vuelve a reír.
Cada viernes se reúnen aquí, Carrera 22 4A – 21, en el sur de Cali. De 9:00 de la mañana hasta el mediodía. Primero Ángela da clases de origami. Después Melanie de pintura. Ninguna de las docentes cobra un centavo. John dice que se les cae la cara de la vergüenza por eso, pero de que todos modos llegan sagradamente: los invidentes de Oritacto.
Oritacto, empieza a hablar Primitivo Millán Calero, es algo así como un brazo de Funtacto, una fundación que él dirige y que se creó para defender los derechos de la población con discapacidades físicas en Cali.
La ciudad no está pensada para ellos, dice. Allá afuera la vida es muy agresiva. Caminar, por ejemplo, hasta la plaza donde está la efigie de Jovita, en la Calle Quinta (por lo general, del taller van hasta allá a recibir las clases, a hacer origami), es peligroso.
Hay alcantarillas sin tapas desde hace meses. Hay caminos con zanjas abiertas llenas de aguas estancadas desde hace meses. Para un ciego caminar por ahí es un asunto de alto riesgo. La ciudad en general es así, como las calles, hostil con los discapacitados físicos. El mundo en general se porta igual.
Entonces los ignoran cuando hay oportunidades de empleo. Hay ciegos trabajando, sí, pero son poquísimos. Funtacto es una forma de resistir. Hacen actividades en espacios públicos para recordarle a Cali que existen. Crearon Oritacto, además, para a través del origami incluirse, abrir puertas en esta ciudad cerrada para ellos.
La idea es crear una microempresa de empaques en origami. Su primer contrato consistió en hacer unos servilleteros con la Corporación Valle en Paz. Pero de eso hace mucho ya. Esperan que para este diciembre las empresas vuelvan a requerirlos. Pueden diseñar artefactos tan complejos como una lámpara de origami o detalles que pueden llegar al corazón de un cliente o una novia como un llavero en forma de flor, de barco, de mariposa.
Mientras tanto, agudizan la mirada. Los dedos, repite John, son sus ojos. Afinar el tacto a través del papel, doblar aquí y allá por horas, es desarrollar las posibilidades de interpretar, acercarse, reconocer el entorno. El papel puede ser igual de poderoso escrito como transformado en dragones, rosas Kawasaki, cisnes o formas extrañas, inéditas, jamás vistas.
Esas figuras, dice Yamileth, sicóloga, invidente, materializan el mundo interior de cada individuo. Es algo así como que lo que hagamos con el papel, eso somos.
Y el origami, agrega Yamileth, es arte, es lenguaje. Con el papel nos comunicamos, jugamos con el otro. También es gozo, confirmarse que así seamos ciegos en todo caso es posible seguir viviendo sin renunciar a los sueños. Los dedos se convierten en ojos.
Por eso, aclara John, en Oritacto tienen el nivel de cualquier origamista vidente. Al principio requerían guías en relieve en el papel para hacer las figuras. Las guías ya están guardas en un cajón, casi olvidadas.
Y en los certámenes en los que participan van “de tú a tú”, agrega John. Es como el fútbol. En una cancha pueden jugar africanos con asiáticos, y sin embargo se entienden. La pelota es lenguaje universal, el papel también.
Oritacto, por ejemplo, fue uno de los grupos que participó en la versión 16 del Encuentro Internacional de Origamistas de Cali que se realizó este mes, en el edificio de Comfenalco.
Y para el diez de diciembre, Día Mundial de los Derechos Humanos, tienen una idea: construir en la calle, con transeúntes desprevenidos, mil gruyas. Una leyenda japonesa asegura que quién es capaz de hacer mil de esas aves en papel, logrará que sus deseos se hagan realidad. Y en Oritacto anhelan que esta ciudad sea más justa, más incluyente, con los discapacitados físicos.
Por lo pronto caminan hacia la plaza donde está Jovita. Van en línea recta, como en un tren. La locomotora guía es la profesora Arciniégas, que esquiva huecos, zanjas abiertas con aguas estancadas.
Los invidentes han salido de nuevo a visibilizarse en esta ciudad que ignora. Los caminantes se detienen, miran.
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